Abstract Description: Comprehensive air monitoring networks are needed to help gauge the effectiveness of emissions reduction programs. However, employing a network of monitors requiring funding, expertise, and a commitment can be a tall order for communities that are faced with increasing expenses, resulting in budgetary pressures.
Verifying the effectiveness of greenhouse gas, criteria pollutant, or air toxics emissions reduction mandates presents challenges that can undermine their credibility and impact. Perhaps the most prominent challenge is determining whether emissions reductions are genuinely additional to what would have occurred without the program’s mandates. This is particularly problematic because it requires establishing a hypothetical baseline scenario, which can be subjective and prone to inaccuracies.
For greenhouse gases, a significant challenge is the measurement and management of emissions offsets, especially in projects involving soil and forestry. These projects are difficult to accurately estimate carbon storage and manage risks of carbon release due to events like fires or land management changes. Intended environmental benefits would be wiped out if emissions reductions are not permanent or if said reductions result in an increase in criteria pollutant or air toxic emissions.
Overall, addressing these challenges requires robust monitoring, reporting, and verification systems that incorporate stringent quality assurance measures. This includes using electronic audits, standardized reporting formats, and qualified third-party verifiers to ensure data integrity and program effectiveness.
